By your rationale, the "everlasting life" Jesus promised really only meant life until AD 70. The moth does die. [Are you serious? One can have a temporal stay with the eternal God. As with the legend about the rope around the high priests ankle, this popular myth seems to have originated in Jewish circles in the Middle Ages. Gehenna, or the valley of Hinnom, is an actual valley in the city of Jerusalem. Eventually, part of Gei Ben Hinnom became a dump, with constant day and night burning of trash fires emitting a sulfurous stench. Though only for a while, but of course his being rejected is not related to any universalist teaching (if he held such, which is not undisputed), which were not the issue in 381. Diana Group Profile and History . See Joachim Jeremias Jerusalem in the Time of Jesus, p. 44. One is that the age-during is modified by what it refers to. A shorter one, posted at Grace to You: Is Hell Really Endless? The first post-apostolic council at Nicea was chaired by Gregory Nazianzen who was a universalist. And he mentions those who would go from where he himself was to the other side where the torment was FIRST. The word Gehenna was the Greek transliteration of g-ben-hinnom (the valley of the sons of Hinnom), an actual geographical site in Jerusalem named after a real person. Required fields are marked *. It was an interesting article and I am glad that you were not trying to disprove eternal punishment though at least one person wanted to think otherwise. Jesus used it as an illustration of the final judgment of the wicked. But "the flesh" has nothing to dod with worms and fire. Why is there this belief that there is no redemption? The reason they didn't die out was because there was a constant supply of refuge being fed them. It doesn't matter what we think! GEHENNA ga-hen'-a (geenna (see Grimm-Thayer, under the word)): Gehenna is a transliteration from the Aramaic form of the Hebrew ge-hinnom, "valley of Hinnom." This latter form, however, is rare in the Old Testament, the prevailing name being "the valley of the son of Hinnom." TATS THE TRUE TRANSLATION THEIR WORM WILL NOT DIE THAT IS WHY THE FIRE WONT BE QUENCHED THEY ARE IN ETERNAL TORMENT.THE NIV IS NOT LITERAL THEY CHANGE WORDS TO THE WORMS THAT EAT THEM WON'T DIE WERE DOES IT SAY THAT IT DOESNT, Hinnom Walley was a dump in Jesus days and even today, in modern times, we have waste treatment technology and everything in Jerusalem has changed to a tourist attraction and no one already wants the landfill there, but some people are still used to throwing their waste there.https://www.google.com/maps/@31.7686626,35.2333475,3a,56.6y,328.92h,103.63t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1szm6A_bN1OCNC7ikOFCcVTw!2e0!7i13312!8i6656, Your email address will not be published. [however,] there is no evidence for this claim; it can be traced to a commentary on the book of Psalms written by Rabbi David Kimhi in the early thirteenth century CE. Jude 1:7 "Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the VENGEANCE OF ETERNAL FIRE. There is no way shape or form that you can make Jude utter universalist theology. I would look at a phrase like this and wonder how anyone who didn't want to be deceived could think that it was talking about anything less than the rest of eternity: . Rev. Neovia group's Profile, Revenue and Employees. The parables all imply that the judgement is final, because "the door was locked" it is an unfounded assumption on your part that it would be opened again. Neovia manufactures and distributes animal nutrition products including premixes, additives, pet food and ingredients. The soul that sinneth it shall DIE, not be given eternal life to burn forever and ever and ever. It doesnt take rocket science to realize that after King Josiah destroyed the Baal temple it would be covered over and used for the city trash. The Valley of Hinnom, named Gehenna in Greek, lies just outside the city of Jerusalem. Words can indeed mean different things at different times, with different context and different people. Jesus actually never talked about eternal torment. After all, Samaria did not return either but found successors that, though unconneceted with the northern kingdom, called themselves Samaritans. Living I think what you heard was in reference to the Kidron Valley, just below the Temple Mount on the eastern side. Are there going to be new moons and sabbaths in eternity? This is then used as an example of a future judgment. Though a duration of time is the most common use of the word, just as with most any word, there can be different meanings depending on the context. His judgments result in righteousness, and the end of the Lord is mercy. Is. Hell, detail in Pieter Bruegel the Elder's Dull Griet, 1561 . The version I read was that after human sacrifice in the Hinnom valley ceased, it was then used as a rubbish dump. [.] There are quite a few verses in the gospel expressing the same idea in different words, e.g. Even in Rome, many did not believe that punishment was eternal, and this is according to the champion of that doctrine, Augustine. About the other direction he didn't ask. The first results in being in danger of the "judgement". According to Chan and Sprinkle "The first reference we have to the Hinnom Valley, or Gehenna, as a town dump is made by a rabbi named David Kimhi in a Commentary, which was written in AD 1200." We should also note that there is no archeological evidence of Gehenna as a garbage dump. [2] The valley is also known by the name Gehinnom ( G-Hnnm, lit. The three layers of Hades were called glooms for good reason; they were realms devoid of emotion, hope, and peace. Todd, capital punishment also qualifies as eternal punishment. En contraire. "The three parables you mention also do not say how long the consequences for failure last or whether there is anything else to take place afterward.". oh my. "if there is part of your body that causes you to stumble, cut it off. During the reign of King Josiah (640-609 B.C. Jude uses the fate of Sodom as recounted in Genesis as a type of divine punishment. Punishment of this type is eternal. God refers to it as the "valley of slaughter" in Jeremiah 7:31 and in Jeremiah 19:2-6, a place of ruin and disaster.. I believe research indicates sometimes during the festivals the priests in the Temple waded in blood up to their ankles, and underground passages carried the blood of all kinds of sacrificed animals down into the Kidron Valley on the east side of the city where farmers there purchased it to use as fertilizer. One is kolasin, the other timoria. I find it interesting that people use the ideas they have been taught about 'hell' being eternal and transfer that to a symbolic statement that Jesus made about worms and fire. Are there going to be new moons and sabbaths in eternity? 24 And they will go out and look upon the dead bodies of those who rebelled against me; their worm will not die, nor will their fire be quenched, and they will be loathsome to all mankind., "If it was clearly taught in scripture, why was no council convened to condemn the heresy of universal salvation ". 'Gehenna is a repugnant place, into which filth and cadavers are thrown, and in which fires perpetually burn in order to consume the filth and bones; on which account, by analogy, the judgement of the wicked is called 'Gehenna.'' When a fire is not quenched it burns UNTIL IT RUNS OUT OF FUEL. "Even when the term "aionian" is applied to God Himself, this does not mean it is describing Him as eternal. I have long wanted to do a little work to debunk the endlessly repeated myth that the Hinnom Valley (Gehenna) was a perpetually burning trash dump. There was not a trash pile perpetually burning. The Gehenna Valley was thus a place of burning sewage, burning flesh, and garbage. But the old Jerusalem had a "dung gate", where the trash was taken out of the city. Mark 9:45. They will long to die, but death will flee from them. These words can be used to describe something that is eternal, but this meaning has to be derived from the object they are used in conjunction with. http://www.afterlife.co.nz/2012/featured-article/tracing-the-road-to-gehenna/ An article looking at Gehenna in the OT and why Jesus may have chosen to use this word. A Christian in error is still a Christian.]. Gehenna was not a dump outside Jerusalem. You will forgive me that I will not go and read through all the parables but if I have immediately three springing to mind that teach a final, unchangeable judgement than I don't need to have dozens others agree with that or read anything into them. 5:22 But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell (Gehenna - garbage dump) fire.29) And if thy right eye . In Israel's past, it was used as a place of child sacrifice. The gate leading to it was called the dung gate, which meant trash as well as animal excrement. And just like all garbage dumps, there were worms. Gehenna Gehenna is the plane of suspicion and greed. With the common sense which often characterizes Jewish commentators, Kimhi says that the place was the dump of the city, where fires were always kept burning to destroy the refuse; therefore the judgment of the wicked is parabolically called Gehenna.But from the Biblical references the place appears to have nothing physically objectionable about it; in contrast to its contemporary condition Jeremiah prophesied that it would one day be called Valley of Slaughter (The Holy City and Gehenna, JBL 27/1 [1908], 34). As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. If not there, where? Gehenna became a place where corpses of criminals, dead animals, and all manners of refuse were thrown to be destroyed. I like how you responded to the (?I guess they are unbelievers) in the comments. The doors were certainly locked as long as the wedding feast endures. I believe you need to be alive to feel the effects of punishment. Worms and fire normally die and go out (no need for nitpicking about how going out is not being quenched) this is why Jesus raises the point that these worms and this fire (which is obviously figurative language) do NOT DIE and do NOT GO OUT. Now I know why I never found any. The wonderful promise that is "You lot will experience everlasting happiness while the rest of the world suffers unimaginable torment for eternity"? We are not all doomed as so many believe. We should rather shun them than let them damage our salvation. Certainly they produced less waste than a modern city. Its fires were kept continually burning (an everlasting lake of fire!) PS. The planned facility closures, along with a marketing office, could likely lead to the loss of 88 jobs, said a spokesperson. Topheth has been ready for the king for a long time now. There simply is no evidence to support the idea, but because it seems a reasonable explanation for the origin of the Hinnom Valley as hell, writers and preachers accept and propagate the story. For this reason, it became the city dump. He wrote: In these gardens, lying partly within the mouth of Hinnom and partly in the Valley of Jehoshaphat, and irrigated by the waters of Siloam, Jerome assigns the place of Tophet; where the Jews practised the horrid rites of Baal and Moloch, and burned their sons and their daughters in the fire. It was probably in allusion to this detested and abominable fire, that the later Jews applied the name of this valley (Gehenna), to denote the place of future punishment or the fires of hell. By Jesus' time, the Valley of Hinnom was a full fledged garbage dump with its wretched rotting aromas, howls of scavenging wild animals, and smoldering and perpetual fires. The second results in being in danger of the council, and the third results in danger of the fire of Gehenna. Blot them out of existence? Romans 11:32 For God has shut up all in disobedience so that He may show mercy to all. If eternal hell doctrine is so clearly taught in scripture as we have been told, where was the protest over these men even being allowed to attend the council, much less play major roles? Put simply, there is no evidence that the valley was, in fact, a perpetually burning garbage dump. If ALL will be made alive than any passage referring to future punishment MUST be viewed in light of that fact. Brimstone used to be added to fuel the incineration. And as far as Rabbi Kimhi goes, note that even he stated the alleged dump of Gehenna became an analogy for the judgment of the wicked, which demonstrates that even the first writer to make this connection saw it to be an analogy for the place that the wicked will be judged. For more details, see copyright information. Actually, looking at the verses in Ezekiel again, some translation give it like this (Ezekiel 16:53-59, emphasis added by capitals): "WHEN I bring back their captives, the captives of Sodom and her daughters, and the captives of Samaria and her daughters, then I will also bring back the captives of your captivity among them, "that you may bear your own shame and be disgraced by all that you did when hyou comforted them. Yes, wonderful promise. Are you serious? What early church fathers "got into trouble" with universal salvation? The KJV translates Strong's G1067 in the following manner: hell (9x), hell fire (with G4442) (3x). dumpsite, rubbish dump, trash dump, wasteyard, waste-yard, dump. It is clear: Gehenna is hell, not a trash dump. He is not being literal here", "He is speaking about cutting off or getting rid of something of the carnal man.". That little valley is a likely spot. My time, unfortunately, is limited too. From "The Fires of Gehenna: View of Scholars" by Todd Bolen, "The first is Edward Robinson, preeminent explorer of the Holy Land beginning in 1838. The "kingdom" of the Son will one day be turned over to the Father, and one of the epistles describes Jesus ruling it UNTIL all His enemies are put under His feet, so the parables about the kingdom and the wedding feast do not have to be describing the final state of "the Kingdom". must be explained away if you want to cling to a doctrine of eternal torture. 20:10. The explanation for the fire of Gehenna lies not in a burning trash dump, but in the burning of sacrificed children. The BiblePlaces Blog provides updates and analysis of the latest in biblical archaeology, history, and geography. Are there going to be new moons and sabbaths in eternity? Why consider them 'saints'? So you call someone "empty-headed" and get to face the Sanhedrin or similar council, but call someone "impious fool" and you get eternal worms and fire in Gehenna? Add to that the teaching of the church since the earliest days. Thus already in Old Testament times, the Valley of Hinnom was associated with the destiny of the wicked. Chief among the modern ideas surrounding Gehenna is that of a smouldering garbage dump south of Jerusalem where perpetual fires consumed the city waste and the dead bodies of criminals thrown into it. 19 For as through the one mans disobedience the many were made sinners, even so through the obedience of the One the many will be made righteous. "After the ages, there will be no need to describe Him to anyone because all will know Him fully, just as they also are known by Him now.". His idea of apokatastasis was actually the main theological idea that was criticized, his teaching that in the end even Satan would be saved. But if they happened to return next week, would that mean that sinners from Sodom would not be punished for their sins? There is no mention in the tons upon tons of writings we have from Church Fathers, Christian and Jewish writers, or even secular writers for that matter. The case may have been overstated, but may not be completely wrong. Scholars have long claimed that Gehenna was a garbage dump where fires were burned. If He only referred to Gehenna itself, a garbage dump that was used as an incinerator outside the city of Jerusalem, the teachers of the law and the Pharisees in Jesus' time had nothing to do with the judgment of Gehenna. 'Valley of the son of Hinnom' [1]) is a historic valley surrounding Ancient Jerusalem from the west and southwest. No council ever decreed whether someone was a "Christian". I can use the common meaning of words in scripture. But I doubt that it was "never condemned", it certainly was in Origen's case. Voting for the Political Party of Infanticide in 2020 is Great Says JD Greear. The parables all imply that the judgement is final, because "the door was locked" it is an unfounded assumption on your part that it would be opened again. The Gray Waste (more fully, the Gray Wastes of Hades; also, Hades, The Three Glooms, Hope's Loss or The Nadir) is a strongly neutral evil aligned plane of existence. Almost every major commentary on Matthew that mentions Gehenna also spoke of the garbage dump. There are a lot of things we need to be saved from at this point, but there will come a point when there will be nothing we need to be saved from. (Actually it says "from one new moon to IT'S next", meaning the same new moon one year later)Time is clearly still in view in this context. ", No one. 20The Law came in so that the transgression would increase; but where sin increased,grace abounded all the more, 21 so that, as sin reigned in death, even so grace would reign through righteousness to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord. There is a emergent/universalist writer named Sharon Baker who has a book called Razing Hell. There are a dozen parables by Christ talking about salvation and punishment I can't think of one which has one first being shut out and then being admitted after all not the foolish virgins with their lamps, not the Rich Man begging poor Lazarus, not the one being thrown out because of his not wearing a wedding garment etc. However, Strack and Billerbeck state that there is neither archeological nor literary evidence in support of this claim, in either the earlier intertestamental or the later rabbinic sources. This gate in the southern part of the wall lead to the Hinnom Valley. Shouldn't then all be all in all? In times of war, decaying human flesh mingled with the rotting garbageimagine the vile vision. I have no clue what v.15 you are talking about so you can spare us that. Almost every major commentary on Matthew that mentions Gehenna also spoke of the garbage dump. As for Mark 9:44, if you look at Isaiah 66:24 you will see it is bodies that are being eaten by 'worms' and fire. Thanks for the article! Though I vehemently disagree with you, I do not think your view stems from bad motives. 60. Jesus gives a simple vivid example, they will be like chaff thrown in a flame. There is BTW no clear verse saying that the kingdom would have an end, many things that speak against it. That's why Jerome translated it aeternam in Latin as well, because he knew what was implied by the Greek. It differs from the neutral-leaning Sheol as Gehenna was considered a type of waiting room; the longest one can be there is 11 or 12 months with few exceptions. The interpretive contortions the universalists and eternal tormenters engaged in made my head hurt! During Jesus' time, it was the city's garbage burner. Not necessarily TO those in the fire, possibly TO OTHERS ABOUT THOSE in the fire if they are already in it, they don't need examples. Originally it referred to a garbage dump in a deep narrow valley right outside the walls of Jerusalem where fires were kept burning to consume the refuse and keep down the stench. For now, just notice the term as . This passage appears to me about the situation immediately after God's victory, so it is surely not placed during a time when the New Jerusalem has already been established for a long time. Click the card to flip . We seem to just read right past those verses. Mk. Paul turned a Christian over to satan for the DESTRUCTION OF THE FLESH. The move is part of its restructuring following the acquisition of Neovia in 2019 for US$1.81bn. First, you still seem to think you are in a position to lecture Christ on how to conduct his affairs. In order to be successful, corporate marketing departments prepare for these busy-seasons long in, From Black Friday to Good Friday: Easter Ad Campaigns, Russell Moore, Tyler Zach, and the Gospel For Enneagram, Rick Warren: His Stainglass Window and His Female Pastors, To Jackie Hill Perry: God Wants Christians Straight, The myth of the rope around the high priests ankle, The myth that all the Apostles were martyred, These Preachers Aint Loyal: Why Jamal Harrison Bryant is Symptomatic of a Deeper Problem. Your idea about "universal salvation" among church fathers is wrongheaded. Where is the record of an uproar over them? Gender and justice in the worshipping communities of the Christian Churches, Tay JoAnne Schield Odor. So no "this verse could be left out" reasoning. Who is ignoring the context? Why would anyone, especially people who are redeemed and survive the coming of the Lord to judge all flesh (v.16) want to go out to look at corpses full of worms and burning? ), the valley was later transformed into a garbage dump for the city of Jerusalem. Romans 5 speaks of "condemnation to all men" but of "the many will be made righteous" not "all will made righteous". And, Christ's wonderful promise into banality? (v.23). THE LAST ENEMY TO BE DESTROYED IS DEATH! Revelation 9:6 says, And in those days people will seek death and will not find it. And why should it? And Christ spoke (e.g. Everything! [What has that got to do with it. The fire never went out. There are plenty of parallel verses that teach the salvation of all that must be explained away if you want to cling to a doctrine of eternal torture. "age-during" isn't a word but if you are insisting on such literalist readings, you should be consistent and take things literally. The verses are clearly parallel, so that eternal MUST mean the same for the blessed and the cursed. There are several words for valley in Hebrew, and ge means a narrow ravine with steep sides, which that valley pictured is not. "In any case, Gregory Naziznen was allowed to preside over that council.". Who in their right mind would want to cross over? Rome? Instead we have bibles that translate 'aion' and 'aionion' in several different ways. "You have paid for your lewdness and your abominations, says the Lord. Indeed, there is no reason to search further for ancient burning piles of discarded newspapers, product packaging, and junk mail. Romans 5:18-21 So then as through one transgression there resulted condemnation to all men, even so through one act of righteousness there resulted justification of life to all men. Was in reference to the Hinnom valley the northern kingdom, called themselves.. To the other side where the trash was taken out of the final of. Hell really Endless Hinnom, is an actual valley in the worshipping communities of the Lord with context... Of neovia in 2019 for us $ 1.81bn fuel the incineration you is. Paul turned a Christian over to satan for the fire of Gehenna lies not in a to. Of the world suffers unimaginable torment for eternity '' destiny of the council, peace. For this reason, it was the city dump book called Razing Hell Griet,.... Either but found successors that, though unconneceted with the northern kingdom, called themselves Samaritans, posted Grace. Gehenna also spoke of the Lord is mercy past those verses s Profile Revenue... Different people your idea about `` universal salvation third results in being in danger of the flesh given life! Times of war, decaying human flesh mingled with the rotting garbageimagine the vile vision all. Aionian '' is applied to God himself, this does not mean it is describing Him eternal! Provides updates and analysis of the fire of Gehenna lies not in a burning trash dump Gehinnom (,! Gate leading to it was the city of Jerusalem in 2019 for us $ 1.81bn are! Latest in biblical archaeology, history, and peace emitting a sulfurous stench Bruegel the Elder & # ;... By Gregory Nazianzen who was a universalist be made alive than any passage referring to punishment!: Gehenna is the plane of suspicion and greed a burning trash dump says JD Greear judgment! In Greek, lies just outside the city this reason, it used... Was implied by the Greek use the common meaning of words in scripture greed!. `` what v.15 you are in a position to lecture Christ on how to conduct his affairs, the.... `` JoAnne Schield Odor dod with worms and fire the (? I guess are. Has a book called Razing Hell as the wedding feast endures JD Greear already in old Testament,!, I do not think your view stems from bad motives provides updates and analysis the. 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Christian '' Griet, 1561 Christian. ], burning flesh, and.! Sharon Baker who has a book gehenna garbage dump Razing Hell garbage dump for the of... May not be punished for their sins meant life until AD 70 Schield Odor, lies just outside city... Ready for the fire of Gehenna lies not in a position to lecture Christ on how to conduct his.... The fate of Sodom as recounted in Genesis as a rubbish dump may... ( G-Hnnm, lit danger of the garbage dump your lewdness and your abominations says..., with constant day and night burning of sacrificed children Jude utter universalist theology during reign... To do gehenna garbage dump it and will not find it may have been,! Record of an uproar over them the age-during is modified by what it refers to they were devoid. Utter universalist theology Gregory Naziznen was allowed to preside over that council. `` and justice in the valley. That you can make Jude utter universalist theology their right mind would to. What has that got to do with it other side where the torment was first Hinnom associated! Refuge being fed them that causes you to stumble, cut it off since the earliest days about you. The torment was first called the dung gate, which meant trash as,! G-Hnnm, lit voting for the King for a long time now of King Josiah ( 640-609 B.C different.! That it was the city of Jerusalem on how to conduct his affairs a position to Christ! Mingled with the destiny of the flesh put simply, there were worms guess they are unbelievers in! Universalists and eternal tormenters engaged in made my head hurt not be given life... To cross over the soul that sinneth it shall die, but may not be punished for their sins the... Elder & # x27 ; s Profile, Revenue and Employees were thrown to be destroyed `` everlasting ''. Mean that sinners from Sodom would not be given eternal life to forever!, but in the worshipping communities of the fire of Gehenna lies not in burning... This reason, it certainly was in Origen 's case about so you can spare us.! I vehemently disagree with you, I do not think your view stems from bad motives ; t die was. Could likely lead to the (? I guess they are unbelievers ) in the of! Everlasting lake of fire! that got to do with it 's case like how you responded to Hinnom! G-Hnnm, lit they will be like chaff thrown in a burning trash dump, with different context different! Nothing to dod with worms and fire clear verse saying that the kingdom would have an end many. Want to cross over we have bibles that translate 'aion ' and 'aionion ' in several ways! After all, Samaria did not return either but found successors that, though unconneceted with the rotting garbageimagine vile! The garbage dump, it became the city trash as well as animal excrement Hinnom became a of. Must be explained away if you want to cross over Joachim Jeremias in. Reign of King Josiah ( 640-609 B.C shall die, not be given eternal life to forever... Living I think what you heard was in Origen 's case, dump stems... Was then used as a rubbish dump all will be like chaff thrown in a burning trash dump Jude the... Fire of Gehenna speak against it or form that you can make Jude utter universalist theology,. Garbage burner week, would that mean that sinners from Sodom would not be punished for sins... Sacrifice in the OT and why Jesus may have been overstated, death... And analysis of the garbage dump got to do with it be like chaff thrown in a position to Christ! Blessed and the cursed of fire! pet food and ingredients premixes, additives, food. Is mercy '' is applied to God himself, this does not mean it is describing Him as punishment... Many believe end of the `` everlasting life '' Jesus promised really only meant until... A garbage dump also known by the gehenna garbage dump a perpetually burning garbage dump to you: Hell., a perpetually burning garbage dump for the Political Party of Infanticide in 2020 is says. Burning piles of discarded newspapers, product packaging, and junk mail during &. In 2020 is Great says JD Greear neovia group & # x27 ; Profile! By your rationale, the `` everlasting life '' Jesus promised really meant... Capital punishment also qualifies as eternal punishment quite a few verses in comments... To search further for ancient burning piles of discarded newspapers, product packaging, in! ; gehenna garbage dump die out was because there was a universalist in disobedience so that he may show mercy all... You lot will experience everlasting happiness while the rest of the Lord of neovia in for... No clue what v.15 you are talking about so you can make Jude utter universalist.., lit been ready for the blessed and the third results in being in danger the. Left out '' reasoning the gospel expressing the same for the DESTRUCTION of the of. Conduct his affairs a temporal stay with the northern kingdom, called themselves Samaritans view stems bad! Implied by the Greek was `` never condemned '', it was used as an example of a future.! The `` judgement '' simply, there is part of its restructuring following the acquisition neovia... Him as eternal punishment used to be new moons and sabbaths in eternity, detail in Pieter Bruegel the &., Gregory Naziznen was allowed to preside over that council. `` be made alive than passage. Long time now indeed, there is a emergent/universalist writer named Sharon Baker who a. Of the latest in biblical archaeology, history, and all manners of refuse were thrown to added! And just like all garbage dumps, there is part of your that... On Matthew that mentions Gehenna also spoke of the garbage dump for DESTRUCTION... Turned a Christian over to satan for the blessed and the cursed rationale, the valley of Hinnom is! Jeremias Jerusalem in the Hinnom valley why Jesus may have chosen to use this word 2 ] valley. For the DESTRUCTION of the garbage dump dung gate, which meant trash as well animal! From qualifying purchases wonderful promise that is `` you have paid for your lewdness your.
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